TRENDS IN HEALTH AND NUTRITION:
PRESENT & PAST CONDITION IN BANGLADESH
Data Source
NSEP Nutrition
Survey of East Pakistan
NSRB Nutrition
Survey of Rural Bangladesh
BNNS Bangladesh
National Nutrition Survey
BDHS Bangladesh Demography
and health survey
HIES Household
Income and Expenditure Survey
HFSNA Household Food
Security and Nutrition Assessment
FAO Food and
Agriculture Organization
BFS Bangladesh
Fertility Survey
CPS Contraceptive
prevalence survey
UN United Nation
BBS Bangladesh Bureau
of Statistics
WHO World Health
Organization
IPHN Institute of
Public Health Nutrition
NSP Nutritional
Surveillance Project
PHC Population
And Housing Census
POPULATION CHERACTERISTICS
Table A:
Population trend, 1981-2011
(Population in thousands)
1981
|
1991
|
2001
|
2011
|
Source: POPULATION &
HOUSING CENSUS 2011
|
|
Population
size
|
87,120
|
106,315
|
124,355
|
142,319
|
|
Population
change
|
15,641
|
19,195
|
18,040
|
17,964
|
|
Population
increase %
|
21.9
|
22.0
|
17.0
|
14.4
|
|
Average
annual increase
|
1,931
|
1,920
|
1,804
|
1,772
|
|
Average
annual growth rate
|
2.32
|
2.01
|
1.58
|
1.34
|
Table B:
Trends in population by age, 1989-2007
(Percent distribution)
Age
group(years)
|
1993-1994
BDHS
|
1996-1997
BDHS
|
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDHS
|
2007
BDHS
|
<15
|
42.6
|
41.0
|
39.2
|
38.2
|
36.3
|
15-59
|
51.2
|
53.1
|
54.4
|
55.1
|
56.6
|
60+
|
6.2
|
5.9
|
6.4
|
6.6
|
7.1
|
Median
age
|
18.4
|
18.8
|
19.5
|
20.2
|
21.2
|
Table C:
Dependency ratio trend, 1990-2010
1990
|
2010
|
Source: UN (2009e). "World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision". New York: Department of Social and
Economic Affairs.
|
|
Dependency
ratio
|
5.6
|
6.1
|
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE
Table A: Trends in income, 2005-2010
HIES
2005
|
HFSNA
2007
|
HFSNA
2009
|
HIES
2010
|
|
Income
per household(Taka)
|
7,203
|
7251
|
8062
|
11,480
|
Income
per capita(Taka)
|
1,485
|
3917
|
4000
|
2,553
|
Table B: Trends in expenditure, 2000-2009
HIES
2000
|
HIES
2005
|
HFSNA
2009
|
|
Nominal(Taka)
|
942
|
1265
|
1698
|
Real(Taka)
|
736
|
796
|
842
|
Table C: Trends in Food Expenditure as percent of
total, 2000-2009
(Percent distribution)
HIES
2000
|
HIES
2005
|
HFSNA
2009
|
51
|
52
|
62
|
Table D: Trends in Share of expenditure in major food
item, 1995-2009
(Percent distribution)
HIES
1995-96
|
HIES
2000
|
HIES
2005
|
HFSNA
2009
|
|
Rice
and cereals
|
43.9
|
38
|
39
|
31.3
|
Vegetables
|
8.8
|
9.2
|
8.3
|
12.5
|
Pulses
|
2.7
|
2.9
|
2.6
|
3.8
|
Oil
|
3.7
|
3.7
|
4.2
|
8.4
|
Sugar
|
1.4
|
1.3
|
1.5
|
2.7
|
Meat
|
6.2
|
8
|
8.5
|
5.8
|
Milk
|
4.8
|
4
|
3.7
|
1.8
|
Fish
|
11.7
|
12.5
|
12.2
|
13.2
|
Condiments
|
5.4
|
7.1
|
7.5
|
5.2
|
Fruits
|
2.4
|
3
|
3.2
|
1.6
|
Mix
|
6.7
|
8.3
|
8.3
|
7
|
Potatoes
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
6.7
|
Beverage
|
2
|
2
|
0.7
|
-
|
Table E: Trends in Energy Intake, 1979-2010
Calorie(Kcal/person/day)
|
1962-1964
NSEP
|
1975-1976
NSRB,INFS
|
1981-1982
NSRB,
INFS
|
1995-1996
BNNS,INFS
|
2001-2003
FAO
|
2005
HIES
|
2010
HIES
|
2118
|
2094*
|
1943*
|
1868
|
2200
|
2253.2
|
2318.3
|
* Rural population
Table F: Trends in Food Intake, 2005-2010
(Gram/person/day)
|
1962-1964
NSEP
|
1975-1976
NSRB,INFS
|
1981-1982
NSRB,INFS
|
1995-1996
BNNS,INFS
|
HIES 2005
|
HIES 2010
|
Rural population
|
Rural population
|
|||||
Rice
|
-
|
493
|
451
|
408
|
439.64
|
416.01
|
Wheat
|
-
|
29
|
31
|
18
|
12.08
|
26.09
|
Pulses
|
27.6
|
23.8
|
8.0
|
11.0
|
14.2
|
14.30
|
Vegetables
|
133.6
|
125.7
|
120.0
|
112.0
|
157.0
|
166.08
|
Fish
|
35.4
|
22.3
|
23.0
|
33.0
|
42.1
|
49.41
|
Meat
|
9.5
|
3.8
|
4.8
|
9.0
|
8.4
|
19.07
|
Egg
|
1.9
|
1.1
|
1.2
|
4.0
|
5.2
|
7.25
|
Milk
& milk products
|
27.4
|
16.8
|
15.5
|
15.0
|
32.4
|
33.72
|
Fruits
|
15.1
|
20.6
|
17.4
|
14.0
|
32.5
|
44.80
|
MATERNAL AND
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
Table: Trends in age at first marriage, 1993-2007
(Percent distribution)
Age
|
1993-1994
|
1996-1997
|
1999-2000
|
2004
|
Source:
USAID-DHS working papers,2008
|
10-12
|
21.2
|
26.5
|
10.6
|
8.0
|
|
13-15
|
54.8
|
52.5
|
61.4
|
62.2
|
|
16-17
|
15.2
|
12.9
|
18.0
|
21.0
|
|
18-19
|
6.4
|
5.5
|
7.4
|
8.3
|
|
20 or more
|
2.4
|
2.6
|
2.5
|
0.5
|
Table: Trends at first birth, 1993-2007
(Percent distribution)
First birth before age 20
|
1993-1994
|
1996-1997
|
1999-2000
|
2004
|
Source:
USAID-DHS working papers,2008
|
75.9
|
78.6
|
77.2
|
73.1
|
Table A: Trends in total fertility rate (TFRs),
1975-2007
(Women age 15-49)
1975
BFS
|
1989
BFS
|
1991
CPS
|
1993-1994
BDHS
|
1996-1997
BDHS
|
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDHS
|
2007
BDHS
|
6.3
|
5.1
|
4.3
|
3.4
|
3.3
|
3.3
|
3.0
|
2.7
|
Table B: Trends in ANC coverage, 1996-2007
(Percent distribution)
Percentage
of last live births in the five years preceding the survey for which women
received at least one ANC from a
medically trained provider
|
1996-1997
BDHS
|
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDHS
|
2007
BDHS
|
29.0
|
33.3
|
48.7
|
51.7
|
Table C: Trends in skilled assistance delivery,
1993-2007
(Percent distribution)
Percentage
of births in the five years preceding the survey attended by medically
trained provider
|
1993-1994
BDHS
|
1996-1997
BDHS
|
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDHS
|
2007
BDHS
|
9.52
|
8.0
|
12.1
|
13.4
|
18.0
|
Table:
Trends in ANC coverage by care provider, 1993-2007
(Percent distribution)
1993-1994
BDHS
|
1996-1997
BDHS
|
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDSH
|
2007
BDSH
|
|
Doctor
|
18.7
|
19.6
|
23.7
|
31.3
|
35.5
|
Midwife
|
7.0
|
6.8
|
9.6
|
17.4
|
15.7
|
Birth attendant
|
0.3
|
0.2
|
0.4
|
0.1
|
0.5
|
Table D: Trends in childhood mortality, 1993-2007
(Percent distribution)
1993-1994
BDHS
|
1996-1997
BDHS
|
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDHS
|
2007
BDHS
|
50
|
37
|
30
|
24
|
14
|
Table E: Postnatal care coverage, 1996-2007
(Percent distribution)
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDHS
|
2007
BDHS
|
|
Percentage
of last live births where the mother received PNC from a trained provider
within 42 days of delivery
|
13.7
|
17.8
|
30.1
|
Percentage
of last live births in the five years preceding
the
survey where the child received PNC from a trained
provider
within 42 days of delivery
|
-
|
17.5
|
31.4
|
Table F: Trends in immunization coverage, 1993-2007
(Percent distribution)
Percentage
of children age 12-23 months who received vaccines at any time before the
survey
|
1993-1994
BDHS
|
1996-1997
BDHS
|
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDHS
|
2007
BDHS
|
58.9
|
54.1
|
60.4
|
73.1
|
81.9
|
NUTRITION AND DISEASES
Table A: Trends in child malnutrition, 1989-2009
(Percent distribution)
1989-1990
BBS
|
1992-1993
BBS
|
1996-1997
BDHS
|
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDHS
|
2007
BDHS
|
2008
WHO
|
2009
HFSNA
|
|
Underweight
|
66
|
68
|
56.3
|
47.7
|
47.5
|
41.0
|
41.0
|
37.4
|
Stunting
|
65
|
64
|
54.6
|
44.7
|
43.0
|
41.0
|
43.0
|
48.6
|
Wasting
|
14
|
17
|
17.7
|
10.3
|
12.8
|
17.4
|
17.0
|
13.5
|
Table B: Trends in Maternal malnutrition (<18 BMI),
1996-2007
(Percent distribution)
1996-1997
BDHS
|
1999-2000
BDHS
|
2004
BDHS
|
2007
BDHS
|
52.0
|
45.4
|
39.7
|
29.7
|
Table C: Trends in Iodine nutritional status,
1993-2005
(Percent distribution)
1993
|
2004-05
|
Source:
IPHN
|
|
Prevalence
of goiter among children (6-12 years)
|
49.8
|
6.2
|
|
Prevalence
of goiter among women (15-44 years)
|
55.6
|
11.7
|
Table D: Trends in Subclinical Vitamin A Deficiency in
Women and Adolescent Girls, 1992-2006
(Percent distribution)
Serum
retinol <1.05 μmol/L
|
1992
|
1994
|
1996
|
2006
|
Source:
Ahmed
F 1998; Lee V 2008
|
11
|
30
|
56
|
32.6
|
Table E: Anemia Prevalence Trends in Bangladesh,
2001-2004
(Percent distribution)
2001
|
2004
|
Source:
NSP 2004, Anemia prevalence survey
UNICEF/BBS
2003, NSP 2002, WHO global database on
anemia
|
|
Infant
|
71.4
|
92
|
|
Adolescent
|
30
|
39.7
|
|
Pregnant
women
|
46.7
|
38.8
|
|
Pre-school
|
48.3
|
67.9
|
|
NPNL
women
|
33
|
46
|
|
Lactating
women
|
35
|
46
|
Table F: Trends in LBW, 1994-2004
(Percent
distribution)
1994-1995
|
1999
|
2003-2004
|
Source:
Arifeen
et al., 2000 Shaheen et al., 2000 National Low Birth Weight Survey
Bangladesh
|
46
|
48
|
35.6
|
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